Water-heating furnace



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. W. WARNER. WATER HEATING PURNAGE.

No. 459,243. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. W. WARNER. WATER HEATING PURNAGB.

No. 459,243. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JUDSON 7. VARNER, OF ONEIDA, NEWv YORK.

WATER-HEATING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,243, dated September 8, 1891.

Application iiled April 13, 1891. Serial No. 388,677. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.-

Beit known that I, JUDsoN W. WARNER, of Oneida,in the county of Madison and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tater-Heating Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of rcfer-` ence marked thereon, which forni part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a perspective view of my improved water-heating furnace. Fig. 2 is a central transverse vertical sectional view thereof. Fig. 3 is an exterior view of the front section, with doors removed, Fig. 4, a similar View of rear section; Fig. 5, a view of the intermediate section; Fig. G, a detail showing the formation of coal-feed tube.

This invention is an improved water-heating furnace, and its objects are to make a sectional water-heater of simple construct-ion, each section of which can be connected to an independent radiator wherein the several sections when united will form a long tortuous fire-passage, which, however, shall be readily accessible at all points, both the fire and watercirculation shall bc in an upward direction, and a large amount of heating-surface shall be produced, no internal bolts be used, and which can be provided with self-feedin g coalreservoirs without destroying the circulation through any section. To these ends the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter clearly described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings byletters, A designates the front section, of rectangular form and stood upright on one end. It consists of side legs A A, united at bottom by a horizontal hollow limb a and at top bya limb a and by intermediate limbs a2 a2 and a wide limb a3 just above limb a. Access can be had to the ash-pit through the opening left between limbs a d3, to the fire-chamber' through the opening between limbs 0,3 and lowest limb a2, and tb the fire-dues of the furnace through the openings between limbs a2, d2, and a. All said openings are closed by suitable doors, as shown. Section A is hollow throughout, so that its interior forms a series of communicating water chambers or spaces. The inner face of limb as may be recessed, as at c4, to receive a lining of lire-brick to protect the same against the iire in the fire-chamber. On the upper inner edges ofthe several limbs are formed tongues T, hereinafter described.

B designates an intermediate section of the furnace corresponding in exterior contour to a section A and one or more of such sections B may be employed. I have shown four in the drawings, and bein g similarly1 constructed generally a description of one will explain all. Eachvsection B is composed of upright side legs B 3', connected at bottom by a limb b and at top by a limb b', and by intermediate limbs bopposite limbs c2 of section A, when Y the sections are assembled, and also by limbs Ui intermediate limbs b2, as shown. Section B is hollow throughout like section A. On the legs B of sect-ion B are formed proper supports for the grate-bars F each section B supporting its own grate-section,

and the grate-sections lie opposite the lower edge of limb 0.3 of section A, the space below the grate-bar forming part of the ash-pit, the

space above part of the fire-chamber, and, if i desired, the inner faces of legs B may be recessed, as at B2, to receive a fire-brick lining in the lire-chamber. In the upper edges of the limbs of section B are formed grooves G, which are adapted to engage the ribs T of section A or an adjoining section B, and on the opposite edge of each limb of section B is formed a rib or tongue 'I similar to the ribs on section A. The rea-r section O is formed with upright legs O O', connected at bottom by a limb c and at top by a wide limb c and (opposite the limb ai) of section A) by a wide limb c3 and intermediate limb c2. The section O is, hollow throughout. The opening between limbs c c3 allows access to the ashpit and is closed by a suitable door. The in'- ner face of limb c3 may be recessed to accommodate a hre-brick lining, as indicated at O2, if desired. The opening between the limbs c3 c2 is closed by a door, and through it access' cairbe had to the fire-passages for cleaning them. Through the wide limb c is formeda central passage O4, around the outer mouth of which is a iiange O5, to which may be connected the smoke-pipe. Said passage communicates with the upper end oi the fire-passage.

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On the inner edges of thelimbs of sections C are formed grooves G, adapted to engage the ribs T of the adjoining section B. lVhen the sections are assembled, as shown in Fig. 2, the limbs b2 b3 of sections B form a series of horizontal passages above the fire-chamber. The lowest of these passages communicates with the fire-chamber through the opening between limbs c2 c3 of the section C, and with the overlying passage just above through an opening between the lowestlimbs a3 of section A, the second passage with the third through an opening in section C, and so on, as indicated. Thus a continuous zigzag or tortuous upwardly-leading passage is formed from the nre-chamber to the flue or pipe. Each of said passages is readily acces-I sible for cleaning. It will also be observed that each section forms part,- of the ash-pit, fire-chamber, and several nue-passages, and the sections B also support their own gratesections, and by increasing or diminishing the number of sections B the capacity of the furnace is increased or diminished. Again, the limbs of section B, with the exception of the lowest, are made with tapered sides, or their sides converge from top to bottom, so

that the limbs are almost surrounded by hotA air, thusincreasingthe water-heating surface in the furnace and trapping the heat between the adjoining limbs. The several grate-sections are preferably rocking bars and are connected and operated by links and levers, as indicated, or in any convenient manner. The tongue-and-groove packing-j oints T G between the section is more clearly shown in Fig. 6. The tongues and grooves are so made that when the sections are properly set the grooves and tongues interlock, so that the sections cannot move directly away from each other,andinorderto separate them thetongued section must be vertically raised until the tongues are free from the grooves, and then it can be moved horizontally away from the other section. By this means the sections are interlocked and set up without the employment of any bolts, and after they are set up the grooves are lled with tire-proof cement, thus closing the spaces between the limbs and making the Hue tight, and at the same time additionally binding the sections together. I propose to bind the sections together by external bolts, as indicated in the drawings; but it will be observed that there are no internal bolts, and these interlocking joints allow sufficiently for contraction and expansion of the parts of the sections without injury to the same.

D designates a horizontal supply-pipe, from which the several sections A B C receive water by means of joints d, connecting said pipe with the respective sections at bottom, so that the supply is common. This supply-pipe is connected to the return-pipes y from the radiators in the building, as shown. The water circulates upwardly through the sections, passing first under the ash-pit, thence beside and over the nre-chamber, and then up over the several lire-passages, an'd is highly'heated when it reaches the top of the sections, through which it passes through independent pipes R to the radiators. I preferably connect each section with one radiator or line of pipe, so that the radiators which are farthest off may receive water from the sections subjected to most heat, which will be a central section,instead of connecting the several sections to a common drum from which all the radiators receive heated water alike. By this arrangement each section constitutes an independent water-heater, and each line of pipe or radiator is in an independent heated-water circuit.

E designates a coal-reservoir at top of the furnace, and it may be made separate from the sections and attached thereon, or may be cast therewith, as indicated, so that each section forms part of the reservoir also, as shown. On top of limb a of section A, I form a boxsection E', open on its inner side and having an opening closed by a door e on its outer side. Then on top of each section B,Icast a box-section E2, consisting simply of top and sides, and the hollow limb c of section C closes the rear end of the reservoir.

In order to feed the coal from the reservoir, I have to modify the construction of some of the sections B somewhat. In such case I form the chute preferably in two sections B, as indicated in Figs. 2, 5, and G, by forming recesses in one side of limbs b b2 b3 of opposed sections B, and connect the several limbs at the edges of said recesses by vertical webs or wall B5, so that when the two sections are set up a vertical feed-tube c is formed leading from the reservoir to the fire-chamber without cutting off the circulation of water in the lines of either section. As many of these feed-tubes may be thus produced in the furnace in setting it up as may be desired and as its length may require. Openings may be formed between two or more of the sections just above the lire-level of the coal on the grate so as to admit air above the fire to insure more perfect combustion. By leaving out the reservoir-sections and omitting the coil-reservoir E on top, making up the furnace with the plain inside sections, a surfaceA burning furnace can be produced, and the coal suppliedthrough the fire-door A with.- out making any trouble or expense in changing patterns, thus doing away with the selffeeding features of the furnace altogether, which in some cases and by some parties may be deemed desirable.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is-` A l. In a water-heatin g furnace, the combination of hollow front and rear sections A and C, constructed substantially as described, and the hollow intermediate sections B B, constructed substantially as described, so that each forms a part'of the ash-pit, fire-chamber7 IOO IOS

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grate-support, and firepassage, said front and rear sections being provided with doors opening into the lire-passages, ash-pit, and lirechamber, substantially as described.

2. In a water-heating furnace, the combination of hollow front and rear sections A and C, constructed substantially as described, and hollow intermediate sections B B, constructed substantially as described, so that each forms a part of the ash-pit, fire-chamber, grate-support, and fire-passage, said front and rear sections being provided with doors opening into the tire-passages, ash-pit, and tirechamber, with the radiator-pipes leading directly and independently from the respective sections and the return supply-pipe, substantially as set forth.

3. In a Water-heating furnace, the combination of the front and rear sections A C, constructed substantially as described, with the interm ediatesections B, formed with feed-tube passages e', and a coal-reservoir on top of said section, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as described.

4. The combination of two or more vertical sections united by interlocking horizontal transverse tongue-and-groove packing-joints, constructed and arranged substantially as specilied.

5. In combination with the independent front and rear sections A C, an intermediate section B, having side legs B', connected by limbs b b b2 b3, all constructed and arranged substantially as specified.

6. In a watenheating furnace, the combination of two sections having hollow side legs connected by a series of transverse hollow limbs, said limbs having opposite recesses or depressions in their opposing faces only and connected at the yedges of said recesses by vertical webs or walls, Wherebya vertical continuous feed-tube is formed between the sections When put together without breaking' the watencirculation through the limbs, substantially as specified.

7. The combination, in a Water-heating furnace, of the water-holding section having horizontal grooves G in one vertical face, substantially as described, with an opposite waterholding section having horizontal tongues T on one vertical face adapted to engage said grooves and lock the sections together, all constructed as and for the purpose specified.

8. The combination of the section A, having a series of grooves G and constructed substantially as described, and the rear section C, having a series of tongues T and constructed substantially as set forth, with the intermediate section B, having a series of tongues T on one side adapted to engage the grooves of section A, and a series of grooves G. on the other side adapted to engage the tongues of section C, whereby said sections are interlocked, as and for the purpose specilied.

9. In a water-heating furnace, the combination of sections having hollow side legs connected by a series of transverse hollow limbs, Y

said limbs having recesses or depressions in their opposing faces and connected at the edges of said recesses by vertical webs forniing a vertical continuous semi-tube in each section, whereby a feed-tube is formed between the sections when put together, with the front and rear sectionsA and C, the feedpipe, and radiator-pipes, all substantially as specied.

lO. The combination of the front and rear sections A and C and the intermediate sections B, formed with feed-tubes e', all constructed and arranged substantially as specitied, with thecoal-reservoir on top of said sections, and interlocking tongue-and-groove packing-joints between the sections, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JUDSON XV. VARNER.

Vitnesses:

CHAs. C. CLARK, JAMES D. Coon. 

